Today I am going to give a very simple overview about the processes involved in converting cotton fiber to apparel or garments.
Cotton is a natural fiber and is cultivated in countries like U.S, Uzbekistan, China, India, Brazil, Africa. After the cotton is plucked from the fields it is converted to cotton fibre by a process called Ginning. Ginning is basically two mechanical process of removing trash from cotton balls and then removing seeds from the cotton fibers.
Then the fibers are converted to yarn by the process called Spinning. In this process the fibers are straightened and twisted together to form the yarn. The spinning process contains many complex steps to convert the yarn to fiber.
The using the yarn, then the fabric is made. The process of Knit fabric making is called Knitting and the process of making woven fabric is called Weaving. In both the processes, the yarn is intertwined to form the fabric. But the arrangement of the yarn is different in Knits and Woven fabric. At the end of this process we get the raw Greige fabric.
Then the greige fabric is colored by the process of dyeing and printing. Dyeing is a series of chemical processes by which the dyes are fixed in the cotton fibers in the fabric. By dyeing process the greige fabric is given a solid color through out. By the process of printing images or patterns are set on the grey fabric.
Then by Apparel manufacturing process the colored fabric is converted to Garments. First the fabric is laid on the cutting table and the different patterns or parts of the garments are cut. This process is called Cutting. Then these cut panels are sewn together to from the garment. This process is called sewing. Then these garments are send to Finishing section. In this section the garments are ironed, then folded, tagged and packed.
This is a very simple overview of the processes involved in turning cotton fiber into apparels.
Cotton is converted to cotton fiber bale by Ginning
Cotton fiber bale is converted to cotton yarn by Spinning
Cotton yarn is converted to greige fabric by knitting or weaving
Greige fabric is colored by Dyeing and Printing
The colored fabric is transformed into apparel or garment by cutting, sewing and finishing
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